Organizational Learning: Creating, Retaining and Transferring Knowledge Essay

Authoritative Learning Presentation  The cutting edge corporate world is dynamic because of the consistently changing business condition comprehensively. To keep up the pertinence and skill of firms in this conditions, hierarchical learning gets convenient and supportive for sustainability(Argote, 2011). Learning in associations is the advancement of the work power to redesign their abilities to coordinate with the adjustments in business activities. It is a persistent procedure since change occurs as times and seasons change. Along these lines, association learning is a significant viewpoint for any business to flourish in the cutting edge times.  Organizational learning improves the abilities of individual representatives. They get new aptitudes and information on handling contemporary issues in business(Beitler, 2012). This makes the representatives ready to handle business exercises with strength because of their improved polished methodology.  Learning is likewise significant in light of the fact that it prompts dynamic initiative in the association. The administration can lead with motivation for positive change in the organization. This prompts improved administration worker connections by upgrading learning and stream of significant data over the association.  Continuous learning energizes group working in firms since the representatives feel the significance of everyone’s commitment towards the accomplishment of the company’s objectives. Representatives are prepared to perform different jobs separated from their allocated ones. In case of nonappearance, another utilize can represent the missing one and subsequently teamwork(Argote, 2011).  Learning and change greatly affect representatives of a given association. Learning improves working connections between representatives of various divisions who blend during the instructional meetings. Change encourages individual to explore the pecking order of the organization(Beitler, 2012). At the point when one representative is elevated because of cutting edge aptitudes, someone else gets elevated to take up his position and subsequently a positive effect on each other. References Argote, L. (2011). Hierarchical Learning: Creating, Retaining and Transferring Knowledge. New York: Springer Publishing Corporation . Beitler, M. (2012). The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of The Learning Organization. Chicago: Doubleday Publishers Ltd. Source report

Managerial Ethics free essay sample

This paper is a rundown of my comprehension of how morals has helped base my beliefâ system on an individual level just as in the working environment as an expert. The learningâ process is unending and the ongoing class on Managerial morals has given me new insightson how I can in any case clutch my own qualities while staying conscious to those whovalue distinctive moral points of view. Morals can be characterized as a philosophical investigation of virtues dependent on the idea ofâ right and wrong. A moral point of view could be considered as a person’s individualâ perception of virtues, convictions, and rules dependent on their own perspective on rightand wrong. My point of view on Ethics are a significant part of the achievement of an individual or an organization. There are numerous choices inside an organization that supervisors must base around thecompany’s moral measures. Morals are a rule to worker and employerâ â behavior, yet in addition the company’s conduct in general. Having great, solid morals willhelp an organization draw in and keep clients. Without morals, there would be no chance to get for aâ person to pass judgment on directly from wrong, which is the reason it is imperative to have a decent sense ofâ â personal morals mindfulness. My moral point of view is commitment or deontology-one that is fixated on an inclination asthough I have a commitment to make the wisest decision. When judging whether a person’sactions are moral or not, I will in general base my choices on the purpose of the person’s actionsand not the genuine outcome,In request for an individual with the commitment point of view to concur with an individual or company’sethics, the morals set up ought to be appropriate in each circumstance, aware toeveryone’s character, and advancing of each individual’s opportunity and autonomy. With a mandatory point of view, an individual accepts that everybody merits regard and theright to settle on their own choices. A couple of progressively moral points of view experienced in our workplaceVirtue Perspective An individual having the character or ethicalness viewpoint doesn't accept that everybody iscapable of settling on their own choices. This viewpoint depends on the conviction that aâ person must have great character so as to settle on a moral choice. Those with thevirtue point of view accept that a person’s character is by a long shot, more significant than aâ person’s activities. Regardless of what a person’s expectations are, somebody with the virtueâ perspective doesn't accept that they are moral except if they are continually endeavoring to bemorally great. Moral dynamic inside this point of view depends on thedevelopment of functional intelligence inside people. The point of view dependent on virtuedoes not accept that a person’s activities mirror their morals; in any case, the utilitarianismâ perspective accepts the exact inverse. Utilitarianism viewpoint An individual having the outcomes or utilitarianism see will in general base their ethicalâ perspective exclusively on the aftereffects of their activities. This point of view accepts that theirâ ethical choices should profit however many people as could reasonably be expected. While discussing overâ whether or not a choice is moral, those with utilitarianism sees must get results. Theyrefuse to think whatever they hear until it is demonstrated to them. An individual with thisâ perspective accepts that all individuals have the right to have a decent life; on the off chance that somebody is unhappy,they accept that something ought to be done so as to address that. An individual with theutilitarianism viewpoint accepts that there is an answer for each moral situation. Relativism point of view The value or relativism viewpoint depends on the eccentrics of human mindfulness. The choice of whether an activity or choice is moral depends on the results thatthe choice has brought. An individual with the relativism point of view doesn't accept inunity or correspondence among people. They likewise accept that there is no unmistakable right orâ wrong in any circumstance; they accept that with new information and differentcircumstances, an individual may think that its important to change their perspective and convictions. Regardless of what point of view an individual holds when managing morals, there will consistently beethical predicaments that an individual will be compelled to confront. While holding the deontologyâ perspective, I accept that everybody merits regard from others. This can make it verydifficult to concur with certain choices that might be made inside my organization. Who chooses what is correct or wrong? A person’s perspective on good and bad will vary from others, as will their convictions ofâ whether or not all individuals can settle on choices that advantage their very own advantages. A significant number of us were instructed at a youthful age the brilliant principle, Do unto others as you wouldhave them do unto you. This is an extremely strong guideline that we as a whole appear to escape from, timeto time. A considerable lot of us were told tales and spouses stories, or moral accounts as we now callthem, that showed us how to live and connect with others. Be that as it may, where do we get familiar with the rulesthat these tales didnt show us, similar to, when is it fitting to change nature? Who decideswhat is correct and right there? Is there any shared conviction on issues like resurrectingextinct creatures, cloning, or the human genome venture? This presents to us the field of applied morals a region in morals that manages how one shouldreact in explicit circumstances, and particularly with how our social arrangements should beformed to guarantee the most adjusted moral norms. Finding out about the alternate points of view of morals is a significant part of careerâ success. By realizing what classification I fall under dependent on my answers in the EthicsAwareness Inventory, I can all the more likely comprehend my own choices and convictions. Having thisknowledge will come in accommodating when working with others that hold differentâ perspectives. Organizations point of view on moral practices today In the working environment, morals and social corporate mindfully is a manual for choice makingand reasonable treatment of representatives and buyers. Moral conduct, at its most fundamental level, is the thing that the vast majority in a given society or groupview as being good, acceptable, or right. A few social orders underline moral lead based onabstract moral standards, the infringement of which is relied upon to cause sentiments of blame. Itis imperative to comprehend that what is good and bad isn't in every case simple to determineas there is no generally acknowledged code of conduct to help leaders. Knowledgeof the home market and outside business sectors is fundamental to showing up at ones own behaviorâ code for every circumstance confronted. No administration can disregard the earth wherein itoperates and the accomplishment of associations may depend to an enormous degree upon their publicimage The disposition of the board to work is at the center of the social obligation ofâ management. Morals for me in Personal life The family is depicted as the characteristic and central gathering unit of society and isentitled to security by society and the State. Individual relations in family is one of themost significant components of self-awareness and development of a character. We livein a multicultural society dependent on various qualities and conventions. On the off chance that a bond among guardians and youngsters is broken, it can prompt negative consequencestraumatic for both. In this way in numerous societies, family is a manager of customs and values,social standards and personal conduct standards Morals for me at my work environment The potential effect of my qualities in the work environment might be both, positive and negative. The positive side would be that by treating others with poise and regard may helpâ better the representative environmental factors. Thusly this may enable those representatives to settle on howto treat others, since they appreciate being dealt with deferentially and with poise. Another positive model happens when my qualities and morals manage me to treat thecustomers in a deferential and fair way. Doing so will guarantee my respectability as aâ business proficient and keeping in mind that permitting me to pick up the trust of the clients. Thiswould increment my exhibition. Offering an item or administration in which I accept thatâ performs true to form, will give me a feeling of pride on what I am doing. On the negative side, being misleading with people in general or the clients all together tomeet deals objectives or amounts would diminish my presentation on the work environment Conclusion Before starting this class , morals was not something that I gave a lot of thought toeven however it was at that point a piece of my every day life. During the course led by Father Paul, I have realized there is a significance in overseeing morals on an individual level as wellas in the work environment as an expert. Morals hold gigantic advantages for organizationsand its workers, both good and commonsense. The rule of manageability takes a bigger perspective and endeavors to think about futuregeneration, and to live with the mindfulness that current activities make animpact on others . It thinks about a bigger perspective and its accentuation aresocial respectability, solidness and improvement in the personal satisfaction.

Who Doesnt Read Books In America Critical Linking, March 29, 2018

Who Doesnt Read Books In America Critical Linking, March 29, 2018 Critical Linking is sponsored by Tomorrow by Damian Dibben, new from Hanover Square Press. About a quarter of American adults (24%) say they haven’t read a book in whole or in part in the past year, whether in print, electronic or audio form. Who are these non-book readers? Several demographic traits correlate with non-book reading, Pew Research Center surveys have found. For instance, adults with a high school degree or less are about five times as likely as college graduates (37% vs. 7%) to report not reading books in any format in the past year. Adults with lower levels of educational attainment are also among the  least likely to own smartphones, even as e-book reading on these devices  has increased substantially since 2011. (College-educated adults are more likely to own these devices and use them to read e-books.). None of the statistics are especially surprising, given the demographics least likely to read are those least likely to have leisure time for it. But also: 76% of adults in America read a book last year.   ____________________ THE GREAT AMERICAN READ is an eight-part television and online series designed to spark a national conversation about reading and the books that have inspired, moved, and shaped us. The series will engage audiences with a list of 100 diverse books. Audiences are encouraged to read the books, vote from the list of 100, and share their personal connections to the titles. THE GREAT AMERICAN READ premieres Tuesday, May 22 at 8/7c on PBS stations with a launch special, kicking off a summer of reading and voting. Then in the fall, seven new episodes of the series will air as the quest to find America’s most beloved book moves into high gear. Episodes from the series will feature appearances by celebrities, athletes, experts, authors, and everyday Americans advocating for their favorite book. Theres a trailer for this upcoming book PBS show.   ____________________ While a great novel can be engaging, theres nothing quite like a true storyâ€"whether that story comes in the form of deep reporting, memoir, or personal essays. Nonfiction gives us the chance to look at the world around us and learn something about how we fit within it. And nonfiction also tells us a lot about ourselves. Here are the best nonfiction books of 2018. Add a bunch of new nonfiction to your TBR.   Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books.

Is The Scarlet Letter A Feminist Novel - 1456 Words

Ashley Noack M. Chau-Lee English 3H 11/ 13/14 Is The Scarlet Letter A Feminist Novel? A feminist is defined in the British Dictionary as a person who advocates equal rights for women. However incredulous it may sound, women had to fight for rights for equality in things such as politics, economics, and their personal affairs. If the revolutionary feminist concepts were surfacing in the time of Nathaniel Hawthorne, circa 1850, then how was it that he was inspired to write Hester’s character? However,one consideration may be that it was written unintentionally with a feministic tone. This novel stands for the main ideas that gave feminism its momentum: gender equality and love for oneself as a woman. Hawthorne displays Hester as a free woman in the ending of the book, and also deems her and Dimmesdale as equals by having them receive identical markers on their tombstones. The Scarlet Letter epitomizes the strength of women while also providing as an indicator for early feminism, as it’s profound perceptions were not something yet established in this earli er time period. The Scarlet Letter is indubitably a feminist piece of literature.The three main characters work off of one another; Hester is strong while Dimmesdale is feeble and Chillingworth is corrupt; She effortlessly conquers her sin and continues with her new life, while Dimmesdale cannot admit his sins, and Chillingworth seeks revenge on Dimmesdale. The women in the novel were strictly bound to a certain spectrum inShow MoreRelatedIs The Scarlet Letter A Feminist Novel?1659 Words   |  7 PagesIs The Scarlet Letter a Feminist Novel? Women all have something in common: they have all encountered a form of gender-based discrimination. Some women in countries have experienced harsher segregations than others. For instance, women in Pakistan have experienced severe discrimination a prohibition of education. One woman who is well known for being an activist for the education of women is Malala Yousafzai. Malala is a woman who has inspired many oppressed others to fight for their education.Read MoreIs the Scarlet Letter a Proto Feminist Novel1510 Words   |  7 Pages21, 2012 Is The Scarlet Letter a Proto Feminist Novel? â€Å"Is The Scarlet Letter a Proto Feminist Novel?† The Scarlet Letter is a very well-known novel, between the scandals and lies. It starts off with a woman named Hester Prynne. Hester decides to leave her husband behind to migrate to Boston. A couple years later, Hester gives birth to a baby girl named Pearl in prison. Hester refused to reveal the father of Pearl. The town then forces Hester to wear a scarlet letter A upon her dressRead MoreScarlet Letter Feminist Novel Essay769 Words   |  4 PagesIs The Scarlet Letter a feminist novel? Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel, The Scarlet Letter is about a woman living in Boston during the 1630s. Her name is Hester Prynne and she has committed the crime of adultery and is caught when she is found to be pregnant. The book picks up when she is having a scarlet A placed on her breast for â€Å"adultery† and after the child is already born. After 7 more years, it picks up and the readers can see what she goes through and how she and the townspeople around herRead MoreHester Prynnes The Scarlet Letter : A Feminist Novel805 Words   |  4 Pages The scarlet letter would be considered a feminist book because of the strength that Hester showed while all of society rejected her, and her daughter pearl. In the scarlet letter there is a women who is introduced to us known as Hester Prynne. In the story it tells us the life of Hester and her struggle living in a society that has alienated her because she has committed adultery. The scarlet letter is a feminist nov el because of the strength that Hester has as a women throughout the bookRead MoreHester As A Strong Female Character And The Scarlet Letter1572 Words   |  7 Pagesand The Scarlet Letter as a Feminist Novel In The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, a question arises: Is The Scarlet Letter a feminist novel? First, what is feminism? Feminism is â€Å"the advocacy of women’s rights on the grounds of political, social, and economic equality to men†. Feminism is really about a woman’s strength since the act of feminism causes a woman to go against traditional views and be ridiculed for that. What does feminism have to do with The Scarlet Letter? HawthorneRead MoreHow Is Hester Prynne A Feminist Novel989 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Literature’s first feminist character A trend was started by the novel, The Scarlet Letter. Nathaniel Hawthorne took a path with the character Hester Prynne that took many by surprise. Hester Prynne from the acclaimed novel, The Scarlet Letter, is one of American Literature’s first and influential feminist characters that shows superiority while being fearless and having an influence on modern literature and culture. In the novel, The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne is accused of adulteryRead MoreFeminism In The Scarlet Letter Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pagesinterests† (Merriam-Webster). The way feminism is related into literature is similar to that of society. Feminist literature discusses how a female character or some part of the fictional world is being hurt or deprived of a certain right that women deserve. In such a way, readers and authors alike are able to dispute whether classic literary reads are feminist literature, such as The Scarlet Letter. Author Nathaniel Hawthorne’s writing did not portray a new right being made for women in society dueRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1641 Words   |  7 PagesThe Scarlet Letter is a story about a woman, Hester Prynne, who painfully lived her life in shame because of the adultery she committed in a1840s American colony. The way she and the other characters conducted themselves after the reveal of Hester’s baby all show a deeper meaning into what kind of person each character was, which can be interpreted in many ways. The story was written by a man named Nathaniel Hawthorne, only about a decade after his story took place, which meant that society in hisRead MoreHester Prynnes Development Of Women In The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1204 Words   |  5 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s,The Scarlet Letter, conveys Hester Prynne’s struggles against the oppressive Puritan society of the 1630s, which leads to the illumination of her progressive feminist views. Hester’s sin of adultery leaves her shunned from her pious New England community, but the extreme consequences that she encounters highlight the notion that she recognizes women as possessing equal capabilities and strengths as men. Hester evinces feminism throughout Hawthorne’s novel, without ever truly mentioningRead MoreFeminism in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter Essay551 Words   |  3 PagesWritten in 1 850, The Scarlet Letter stood as a very progressive book. With new ideas about women, main characters’ stories intertwined, and many different themes, The Scarlet Letter remains today as a extremely popular novel about 17th century Boston, Massachusetts. Not only was the 19th century a time for the abolition of slavery movement but it was also the beginning of the first wave of feminism. Women such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Lucretia Mott catalyzed the women’s

Petroleum Profits Tax Act 1959 - 1824 Words

dates they were formulated and amended. The Petroleum Profits Tax Act 1959 as amended by Petroleum Profits Tax Act No. 15 of 1973 (Part 111) section 2 states thus - â€Å"for the purposes of subsection (1) (b) of the value of any chargeable oil so disposed of shall be taken to be the aggregate of† (b) The value of that oil as determined for royalty, in accordance with the provisions of any enactment applicable thereon and any financial agreement; alternatively, (c) Arrangement between the Federal Government of Nigeria and the company. This act was enacted in 1959 before the Nigerian independence and later amended in 1973. The Petroleum Act of 1969, Section 1 Schedule 1 states thus: - (a) the entire ownership and control of all petroleum in, under or upon any lands to which this section applies shall be vested in the state. This section applies to all land (including land covered by water) which (a) Is in Nigeria, or (b) Is under the territorial waters of Nigeria, or (c) forms part of the continental shelf. Furthermore, the Petroleum (Drilling and Production) Regulations 1969 section 1(1) states that - â€Å"every application for an oil exploration licence, oil prospecting licence or oil mining lease shall be made to the Minister in writing on the appropriate form as set out in the schedule to these regulations† this particular act has made it possible for ministers in Nigeria to act in ways that more of self-interest than in the interest of the general public. It is one actShow MoreRelatedAlaska Is A Great Wealth Of Resources Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pagescontinental United States. Alaska, previously occupied by Russia, was purchased by the American government for the sum of 7.2 million US Dollars in 1867. It became an official state in the union on January 3rd 1959. (Hutchinson, Par. 24) For some intrepid souls, this is a land of opportunity. Petroleum, arguably the most extensive and valuable natural resource available in Alaska, accounts for approximately 80% of Alaska’s state revenue. (Hutchinson, Par. 21) Alaska is unique in this way alone. Most otherRead MoreSocial Responsibility For The Welfare Of Society Essay2190 Words   |  9 Pagesbase for a close alliance and discussion with the community, as well as assist the community in capacity building in all aspects of social and economic development . In Nigeria for instance, Shell Petroleum is the only oil company that is a member of the WBCSD and as such, the activities of Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) ought to be situated within sustainable development and corporate social responsibility in the Niger Delta where it is located. 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That changed in April 2002, however, when the Indian government deregulated its petroleum industry and ended Indian Oils monopoly on crudeRead MoreTaxation as an Instrument of Economic Growth and Development in Nigeria13527 Words   |  55 PagesREVIEW OF RELEVANT LITERATURE 2.1 VARIOUS DEFINITIONS OF TAX 18 2.2 TYPES OF TAX IN NIGERIA 20 2.3 LIST OF APPROVED TAX FOR EACH TIER 21 TIER OF GOVERNMENT 2.4 TAXATION THEORY 24 2.5 NATURE AND SCOPE OF TAXES 27 2.6 TAX REFORMS IN NIGERIA Read MoreU.s. Federal Gasoline Tax1861 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Increasing the United States federal gasoline tax is currently a debated issue as a means of curtailing dependency on foreign oil and improving the country’s environment. An increases, however, would be regressive and would place another hardship on citizens who already feel as if taxes are too high. 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The Nigerian government is encouraging energy companies to invest in the country and special energy policies for foreign investors have been organized, such as a tax reduction plan for energy investors, and the relaxing of energy policy. Nigeria is a nation with great potential for renewable energy solutions, such as sunlight which might be productive for solar power solution, and plentiful bio-waste for biomass

Petroleum Profits Tax Act 1959 - 1824 Words

dates they were formulated and amended. The Petroleum Profits Tax Act 1959 as amended by Petroleum Profits Tax Act No. 15 of 1973 (Part 111) section 2 states thus - â€Å"for the purposes of subsection (1) (b) of the value of any chargeable oil so disposed of shall be taken to be the aggregate of† (b) The value of that oil as determined for royalty, in accordance with the provisions of any enactment applicable thereon and any financial agreement; alternatively, (c) Arrangement between the Federal Government of Nigeria and the company. This act was enacted in 1959 before the Nigerian independence and later amended in 1973. The Petroleum Act of 1969, Section 1 Schedule 1 states thus: - (a) the entire ownership and control of all petroleum in, under or upon any lands to which this section applies shall be vested in the state. This section applies to all land (including land covered by water) which (a) Is in Nigeria, or (b) Is under the territorial waters of Nigeria, or (c) forms part of the continental shelf. Furthermore, the Petroleum (Drilling and Production) Regulations 1969 section 1(1) states that - â€Å"every application for an oil exploration licence, oil prospecting licence or oil mining lease shall be made to the Minister in writing on the appropriate form as set out in the schedule to these regulations† this particular act has made it possible for ministers in Nigeria to act in ways that more of self-interest than in the interest of the general public. It is one actShow MoreRelatedAlaska Is A Great Wealth Of Resources Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pagescontinental United States. Alaska, previously occupied by Russia, was purchased by the American government for the sum of 7.2 million US Dollars in 1867. It became an official state in the union on January 3rd 1959. (Hutchinson, Par. 24) For some intrepid souls, this is a land of opportunity. Petroleum, arguably the most extensive and valuable natural resource available in Alaska, accounts for approximately 80% of Alaska’s state revenue. (Hutchinson, Par. 21) Alaska is unique in this way alone. Most otherRead MoreSocial Responsibility For The Welfare Of Society Essay2190 Words   |  9 Pagesbase for a close alliance and discussion with the community, as well as assist the community in capacity building in all aspects of social and economic development . In Nigeria for instance, Shell Petroleum is the only oil company that is a member of the WBCSD and as such, the activities of Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) ought to be situated within sustainable development and corporate social responsibility in the Niger Delta where it is located. The Organization for Economic CooperationRead MoreMarketing Plan of Lafarge2281 Words   |  10 PagesCement WAPCO Nigeria Plc is a cement manufacturing company in Nigeria owned by Lafarge SA, Paris. Base in the South West of Nigeria, Lafarge Cement WAPCO Nigeria Plc is the first and major cement manufacturing company in Nigeria and was established in 1959 with a 60% equity shares owned by Lafarge Group. It has plants in Shagamun and Ewekoro with annual production capacity of 4.5 metric tones (WAPCO, 2012). 1.1 Product Lafarge Cement WAPCO Nigeria Plc manufactures Elephant Portland Cement (also calledRead MoreThe Cost Of Tax Losses2463 Words   |  10 Pagesnot have to pay income tax. The main aim of the report is to make comparison of Losses in terms of tax among three countries New Zealand, Australia and Nepal 2. New Zealand: Expenses and losses are deductible to the extent that they are incurred in the acquisition of assessable income or incur in carrying the business for that purpose, provided that they are not a capital or private or domestic nature or fact relating to the gaining of exempt income. The treatment of tax losses is a crucial partRead MoreOil and Gas4942 Words   |  20 Pagesdevelopment of accounting standard to guide the preparation and presentation of the financial statement so as to provide a guide on accounting rules, procedures, and reporting formats to be followed by companies operating in the petroleum industry in Nigeria. Petroleum operation is divided into two broad areas namely upstream and downstream activities. 1.1 UPSTREAM ACTIVITIES: Upstream activities involve the acquisition of mineral interest in properties, exploration (including prospecting) andRead Moreâ€Å"Ratio Analysis and Comparative Study of Financials of Iocl with Its Competitors†13708 Words   |  55 Pagesis administratively controlled by Indias Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, a government entity that owns just over 90 percent of the firm. Since 1959, this refining, marketing, and international trading company served the Indian state with the important task of reducing Indias dependence on foreign oil and thus conserving valuable foreign exchange. That changed in April 2002, however, when the Indian government deregulated its petroleum industry and ended Indian Oils monopoly on crudeRead MoreTaxation as an Instrument of Economic Growth and Development in Nigeria13527 Words   |  55 PagesREVIEW OF RELEVANT LITERATURE 2.1 VARIOUS DEFINITIONS OF TAX 18 2.2 TYPES OF TAX IN NIGERIA 20 2.3 LIST OF APPROVED TAX FOR EACH TIER 21 TIER OF GOVERNMENT 2.4 TAXATION THEORY 24 2.5 NATURE AND SCOPE OF TAXES 27 2.6 TAX REFORMS IN NIGERIA Read MoreU.s. Federal Gasoline Tax1861 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Increasing the United States federal gasoline tax is currently a debated issue as a means of curtailing dependency on foreign oil and improving the country’s environment. An increases, however, would be regressive and would place another hardship on citizens who already feel as if taxes are too high. Because of the unpopularity of such a tax, nationally elected officials have not seriously floated the plan as means of raising revenue, but it could be used as a means to progressively cutRead MoreWhy Do We Need The Oil Producing Community? Does This Look Like Saudi Arabia? Essay7139 Words   |  29 Pagesways to reformulate the existing legal framework, putting in place an effective management and enforcement of these CSR laws and policies; subsequently enabling the relevant agencies to hold oil and gas producing companies to account for engaging in acts of impunity thus providing a solution to the current failings in the Niger Delta region with its attendant debilitating co nsequences. CHAPTER ONE The concept of corporateRead MoreSWOT Analysis of Nigerian Business Environment24237 Words   |  97 Pagesinformation needed to establish renewable energy in rural and urban areas in Nigeria. The Nigerian government is encouraging energy companies to invest in the country and special energy policies for foreign investors have been organized, such as a tax reduction plan for energy investors, and the relaxing of energy policy. Nigeria is a nation with great potential for renewable energy solutions, such as sunlight which might be productive for solar power solution, and plentiful bio-waste for biomass

Petroleum Profits Tax Act 1959 - 1824 Words

dates they were formulated and amended. The Petroleum Profits Tax Act 1959 as amended by Petroleum Profits Tax Act No. 15 of 1973 (Part 111) section 2 states thus - â€Å"for the purposes of subsection (1) (b) of the value of any chargeable oil so disposed of shall be taken to be the aggregate of† (b) The value of that oil as determined for royalty, in accordance with the provisions of any enactment applicable thereon and any financial agreement; alternatively, (c) Arrangement between the Federal Government of Nigeria and the company. This act was enacted in 1959 before the Nigerian independence and later amended in 1973. The Petroleum Act of 1969, Section 1 Schedule 1 states thus: - (a) the entire ownership and control of all petroleum in, under or upon any lands to which this section applies shall be vested in the state. This section applies to all land (including land covered by water) which (a) Is in Nigeria, or (b) Is under the territorial waters of Nigeria, or (c) forms part of the continental shelf. Furthermore, the Petroleum (Drilling and Production) Regulations 1969 section 1(1) states that - â€Å"every application for an oil exploration licence, oil prospecting licence or oil mining lease shall be made to the Minister in writing on the appropriate form as set out in the schedule to these regulations† this particular act has made it possible for ministers in Nigeria to act in ways that more of self-interest than in the interest of the general public. It is one actShow MoreRelatedAlaska Is A Great Wealth Of Resources Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pagescontinental United States. Alaska, previously occupied by Russia, was purchased by the American government for the sum of 7.2 million US Dollars in 1867. It became an official state in the union on January 3rd 1959. 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A Weapon for Self Defense Free Essays

A Weapon for Self Defense The following celebrities have stated his or her stance on gun control in the following quotes. Ted Nugent states, â€Å"To my mind [sic] it is wholly irresponsible to go into the world incapable of preventing violence, injury, crime, and death. How feeble is the mindset to accept defenselessness? How unnatural. We will write a custom essay sample on A Weapon for Self Defense or any similar topic only for you Order Now How cheap. How cowardly. How pathetic. (Buckeye Firearms Association 2009). Clint Eastwood also states, â€Å"I have a strict gun control policy: if there is a gun around, I want to be in control of it. (Buckeye Firearms Association 2009). Finally, James Earl Jones was quoted as saying, â€Å"The world is filled with violence. Because criminals carry guns, we decent law-abiding citizens should also have guns. Otherwise [sic] they will win and the decent people will lose. † (Buckeye Firearms Association 2009). Are these quotes to be considered opinionated views? Perhaps, but each is logical and valid. Should law-abiding citizens have the option to own and carry a gun for the use of self-defense? The answer is yes. While gun control advocates fight for stricter gun control laws; anti-gun control supporters believe that stricter gun control laws will limit and prohibit a citizen’s Constitutional right to â€Å"keep and bear arms†. There are enough extensive gun control laws already. Creating and passing stricter gun control laws would only make it more difficult for law-abiding citizens to protect his or herself. Self-Defense Guns are used 2. 5 million times a year in self-defense (Gun Owners of America 2004). What is this organization and who are they to provide such a startling statistic? The Gun Owners of America is an organization created in 1975 and currently has 300,000 members. Gun Owners of America was founded, â€Å"to preserve and defend the Second Amendment rights of gun owners. † (Gun Owners of America 2004). With a statistic like that, what law-abiding citizen would not want to own a gun for self-defense? The Gun Owners of America (2004) further states that: Law-abiding citizens use guns to defend themselves against criminals as many as 2. 5 times every year – or about 6,850 times a day. This means that each year, firearms are used more than 80 times more often to protect the lives of honest citizens than to take lives. (Gun Owners Foundation, 2004 p. 1) To support the issue of self-defense further, the article, â€Å"Is Gun Ownership Dangerous† (2009) describes the reasons for the right of an individual to own and use a gun in self-defense. The most significant dispute that supporters of gun rights argue consists of the right for each individual in our American society to be allowed to have possession of a gun and is allowed to exercise the right to use a gun for means of self-protection. Gun right advocates suggest that police officers are unable to defend individuals in their house, vehicles, or communal places from criminal offenders, because the officers usually enter the scene of the crime subsequently to the crime taken place. In concurrence with this observation, an individual’s only defense if he or she fall victim to burglary, sexual attack, or murder; is having a device that will permit him or her to defend him or herself. In many arguments, gun supporters suggest, if an individual presents a firearm in observation of a criminal, this simple act might be all it takes to discourage and inhibit an offense from occurring. If an assailant persists, supporters of gun rights state that an individual possessing a firearm still has the opportunity to avoid any risk of being assaulted (Guns and Crime, 2009). Gun Control Laws According to the above stated statistics, why do gun control advocates continue to fight for stricter gun control laws? The National Rifle Association Institute for Legal Action does not believe that stricter gun control laws are necessary. Who is this group and what do they stand for? The National Rifle Association Institute for Legal action was founded in 1975 and currently has 300,000 members. This group consists of anti-gun control advocates who are dedicated to protecting the right of all United States citizens to procure, own and utilize firearms for lawful reasons as pledged within the United States Constitution within the Second Amendment. Andrew Arulanandam, the National Rifle Association’s Director of Public Affairs stated, â€Å"We have adequate gun laws on the books and if a crime occurs, those criminals need to be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law. The question becomes how do you [sic] make something that is already illegal more illegal. † [sic] Jost (2008). Furthermore Jost (2008) reveals the following: Gun advocates – including the powerful, 3-million-member National Rifle Association – defend what they view as an individual constitutional right to use firearms in hunting, sport shooting and self-defense. They argue that gun owners and dealers are already subject to a web of federal, state and local firearms laws and regulations. The key to reducing gun violence, they say, lies with tougher penalties against criminals who use guns, instead of more restrictions on gun owners. Jost, 2008, p. 2) The resolution lies in stricter laws and enforced punishments for illegal gun usage and sales, not stricter laws that prohibit or exclude law-abiding citizens from obtaining and owning guns for self-defense. However, the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence is determined to prove individuals and officials otherwise. T he Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence is an organization that guides the fight to prevent gun violence, along with other grassroot organizations. The Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence originated from an organization known as Handgun Control, Inc. Jim and Sarah Brady are the founders of the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence. Jim Brady was the Whitehouse Press Secretary when Ronald Reagan was in office. Brady and the former President were both shot by John Hinckley who attempted to assassinate President Ronald Reagan in 1981. (Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence 2009). According to the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence (2009), its goal is stated that, â€Å"As the Brady Center, we work to reform the gun industry by enacting and enforcing sensible regulations to reduce gun violence, including regulations governing the gun industry. What has this organization accomplished? The answer is The Brady Law. The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, also known as â€Å"Brady Law† was signed into law on November 30, 1993, and went into effect in February 1994. In its original form, the Brady Law required a five-day waiting period and background check before completion of the sale of a handgun. Unfortunately, the gun lobby was able to weaken the Brady so that on November 30, 1998, the five-day waiting period for handgun purchasers expired. It was replaced by a mandatory, computerized National Instant Check System, which provides the information for criminal background checks on all firearm purchasers, not just those buying handguns. The results were devastating. (Brady Campaign to Prevent Violence 2007) What have stricter gun control laws contributed to so far? Death, as explained in the following cases. Erich Pratt is the Director of Communications for the Gun Owners of America. Pratt (2001) stated that, â€Å"ten years ago this month, a Brady –style waiting period resulted in the death of Bonnie Elsmari of Wisconsin. † This is Bonnie Elsmari’s story: In March of 1991, Bonnie had inquired about getting a gun to protect herself [sic] from a husband who had repeatedly threatened to kill her. She was told there was a 48 hour waiting period to buy a handgun. But unfortunately, Bonnie was never able to pick up her gun. She and her two sons were killed the next day by an abusive husband of whom the police were well aware. (Gun Owners of America 2001). This is Rayna Ross’s story: On June 29, 1993, at three o’clock in the morning, a 21-year-old woman named Rayna Ross was awakened by the sound of a burglar who had broken into her apartment and entered her bedroom. The burglar was her ex-boyfriend, a man who had previously assaulted her. This time, having smashed his way into her apartment, he was armed with a bayonet. Miss Ross took aim with a . 380 semi-automatic pistol and shot him twice. The burglar’s death was classified as a â€Å"justifiable homicide† by the Prince William county commonwealth’s attorney, which determined that Miss Ross had acted lawfully in shooting the attacker. Here’s the real scary part to this story, Miss Ross had bought her handgun one full business day before the attack, thanks to Virginia’s â€Å"instant background check. Virginia’s 1993 Democratic candidate for the governor, Mary Sue Terry (endorsed by Handgun Control, Inc. ), proposed that although the Virginia instant check already checks all handgun buyers – Virginia handgun purchasers should undergo a â€Å"cooling-off period† of five business days. Had the proposal been law in Virginia in 1993, Rayna R oss would now be undergoing a â€Å"permanent† permanent cooling off period. This is Catherine Latta’s story: In September [sic] 1990, Catherine Latta went to police to obtain permission to buy a handgun. Her ex-boyfriend had previously robbed her, assaulted her several times, and raped her. The clerk at the sheriff’s office informed her that the gun permit would take two to four weeks. Ms Latta told the clerk, â€Å"I’d be dead by then†. That afternoon she went to a bad part of town and bought an illegal $20 semi-automatic pistol on the street. Five hours later, her ex-boyfriend attacked her outside her house, and she shot him dead. Fortunately in this case, the county prosecutor decided not to prosecute Ms. Latta for either the self-defense homicide, or the illegal gun. Now why is it, that stricter gun control laws are needed? Gun control laws have contributed only innocent people dying. Gun control advocates believe that stricter gun control laws will reduce violence, prevent accidental deaths, and deter crime. There has been no proof to show that by enforcing stricter gun control laws, violence will decrease. There has been no evidence that enforcing stricter gun control laws criminals will be deterred from committing violent crimes. However, it is evident that the enforcement of stricter gun control laws will hinder a law-abiding citizen the ability to own a firearm for self-defense. The citizens of the United States have the right to protect themselves and their families. Although many gun control advocates will continue to try to infringe on the gun rights of the law-abiding citizens of the United States, Americans who take advantage of their Constitutional right to bear arms, will continue to legally possess a firearm and furthermore continue to support anti-gun control advocates in their on-going efforts to defend our freedoms. Do individuals want to be part of the effort to defend our freedoms, therefore choosing the right to possess a gun in order to protect themselves and their families? The answer is yes. How to cite A Weapon for Self Defense, Papers

The Latin American Boom Essay Example For Students

The Latin American Boom Essay The Latin American Boom BY jeska1999 During the second half of the twentieth century Latin American literature exploded globally. The works produced during the mid to late 1900s are still enjoyed by readers of many ages, as well as many cultural backgrounds and ethnicities. This boom refers to the literature provided by such important authors as Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Julio Cortazar, Manuel Puig, and many more. Thanks to these literary superstars, through their literature, much of South and Central America were awarded the fame and glory that the countries truly reserved . The Latin American Boom period began in the 1960s however there is great discrepancy as to which author or novel is responsible for it. Some believe Nobel Prize-winning Guatemalan novelist Miguel Angel Asturias novel Men of Maize, released in 1949, was the first. Others feel that Julio Cortazars Hopscotch or Vargas Llosas The Time of the Hero are responsible for this literary period. The first to introduce this sensation may be debatable but why and how are much clearer. Important historical moments like the Cuban Revolution are partly responsible for the boom. We will write a custom essay on The Latin American Boom specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Cold War cultural politics also played a large role in the spread of the orks of authors such as Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Mario Vargas Llosa, and Julio Cortazar in the United States during the 1960s. In Deborah Cohns book The Latin American Literary Boom and U. S. Nationalism during the Cold War she explains the phenomenon: Universities, publishers, philanthropic organizations, cultural centers, and authors all coordinated their efforts to bring Latin American literature to a U. S. eading public during this period, when interest in the region was heightened by the Cuban Revolution. With this infamous boom came the introduction of a new literary genre, magical realism. It can best be described as a genre that incorporates extraordinary and supernatural themes into everyday reality. Magical realism is found in fictional literature and can be associated with stories or events that include myths and miracles. Jay Archer David defines magical realism as, A narrative technique that blurs th e distinction between fantasy and reality. It is characterized by an equal acceptance of the ordinary and the extraordinary. An excellent example of this genre is Nobel Prize winning One Hundred Years of Solitude written by Colombian writer Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Gabriel attempts to explain a true history with the use of ictional characters and events. In the last forty six years One Hundred Years of Solitude has sold over twenty million copies and has been translated in dozens of languages. The subjects of the literary works created during this time period greatly vary but one thing many of them have in common is the story of Latin Americas people. The llterature nas a common Teature 0T Tocuslng on struggles ana trlumpns 0T tne people. Much of the success of the Latin American Boom is due to magical realism. The Boom faded away during the late 1970s into the 1980s but themes of magical realism can still be found today.

UNEMPLYMENT AND INFLATION essays

UNEMPLYMENT AND INFLATION essays In this report I will illustrate how unemployment and inflation in the UK has changed since 1980 to the present day. I will also analyse the Governments current strategies for dealing with inflation and unemployment. Unemployment is when people are joblessness. The measure of unemployment is the number of jobless people who are available for work and are actively seeking jobs. There is a waste of scare economic goods when there is unemployment and this reduces the long run growth potential of the economy. When there is high unemployment, the economy is producing within its production possibility frontier. However if there is a reduction in unemployment, the total national output can increase leading to an improvement in economic welfare. The Office for National Statistics (ONS) publishes two unemployment rate measures. There is the rate based on the claimant count, which includes all those who are unemployed and actually claiming benefit from Jobseekers Allowance; and the Government's preferred International Labour Organisation total, which includes people not eligible for benefit. The following diagram uses the claimant count to see how many people are unemployed between 1992-1999. Long-term unemployment occurs when workers fail to find employment after 6 months and the long term claimant count above shows that unemployment was at its highest in the UK at the end of 1994 at around 39%. Unemployment fluctuated at around 9% in the late 1980s, and then dropped to a low count of 6%. During the recession of the early 90s, the jobless rate shot up again, to 8%, but has been falling ever since The number of people claiming jobless benefits fell last month, decreasing by 3,300 to 926,900 to reach it lowest since 1980 as the U.K jobs market remained firm. However since June 2003, unemployment has risen by 12,000 to 1.48 million, keeping the jobless rate at 5%, also the manufacturing industries has lost 121,000 jobs since ...

The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know

The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the nice things about the ACT is that it doesn't change all that much from test to test. This is especially true for the Reading section: Reading is always the third section of the ACT, there will always be passages on four subject areas, and each subject area will have 10 questions. So what are the 4 types of ACT Reading passages? Read on to find out! feature image credit: Four by Jukka Zitting, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from original. 4 Passages To Rule Them All The 4 types of passages on the ACT are always the same, and always presented in same order: 1. Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative, 2. Social Science, 3. Humanities, and 4. Natural Science. ACT, Inc. has an exhaustive list of all the topics that might be covered in each of these areas, but it's kind of overwhelming. To make it a little easier to understand what exactly is covered in each subject area, I've summarized each passage type, along with the questions that you’re likely to see on them, below. Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative These passages usually consist of excerpts from fiction or literary memoirs. You're likely to be asked... questions about the main theme questions about the narrator's tone and intent (e.g. what did the narrator mean when she used this particular phrase or word?) which questions are and are not answered by the passage Social Science These passages usually consist of straightforward discussions of topics in the social sciences, including areas like psychology (study of the mind), sociology (study of societies), and education. You're likely to be asked... to paraphrase how information from the passage describes subject of the passage which statements the author would agree with (that is, what's the main point of the passage) If the passage is about a particular person (like Harriet Tubman), there will often be questions about the passage subject’s point of view, rather than author’s point of view (in contrast with Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative or Humanities passages, which often deal with the author or narrator's points of view). Humanities These passages from can be from personal essays or memoirs, as well as on humanities subject areas like the arts, literature, media, or philosophy. Questions on Humanities passages are similar to Prose Fiction in that you're more likely to be asked about the tone or point of view of the passage or the narrator as compared to the Social Science or Natural Science passages. Natural Science These passages are nonfiction writing about SCIENCE. The topics can range from subjects that you've probably covered in school, like bio, chemistry, or physics, to more esoteric areas like astronomy, technology, or medicine (no paleontology yet, but I can always dream). You do not need a science background to understand the passages; all you need are solid reading comprehension skills. (The same is true of the ACT Science section). Becoming familiar with science writing, however, might make you feel less intimidated by these passages when you have to deal with them on the ACT. Similar to Social Science questions, Natural Science questions tend to be more focused on specific detail or statements that can be backed up with evidence from passage. A typical question you might see is "Which of the following statements is supported by the information in the fourth paragraph?" How Do I Know Where My Problems Are? So how do you know if you struggle with some passage types more than others? Follow these steps to find out your weaknesses. Step 1: Take a timed practice ACT test, in order, and score it. Because Reading appears third on the ACT, it's important to take it as part of an entire timed and in-order ACT. How your brain copes with the Reading section when you're just practicing reading passages and answering questions on them is very likely different than how it will do after it's been tired out by English and Math. Step 2: Compare your Social Studies/Sciences and Arts/Literature subscores. Your Social Studies/Sciences subscore is simply the combination of your scores on questions on Social Science and Natural Science passages, while your Arts/Literature subscore is the combination of your scores on questions on Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative/Humanities passages. Most official scoring charts will provide you with the information you'll need to calculate these subscores, which will be out of 20. You can even calculate them for yourself: your Arts/Litereature subscore = questions 1-10 + questions 21-30, while Social Studies/Sciences subscore = questions 11-20 + questions 31-40. Is there a significant difference between your Social Studies/Sciences and Arts/Literature subscores? More than a 1-2 point difference between subscores indicates a difference worth checking into. For instance, if you got a 12/20 Social Studies/Sciences subscore and a 17/20 Arts/Literature subscore, you definitely would want to focus your studying on Social Science and Natural Science passages. Step 3: For each of the four passage types, compare how many questions you answered incorrectly. Since there are 10 questions in each section, it's pretty easy to do percentages - 1 question wrong is 90%, 4 questions wrong is 60%, and so on. Comparing your scores on each of the passage types can be really illuminating, because it can shed light on areas you may not have realized you had issues with. Remember, it’s not just important that you’re comfortable with reading the passages: it’s important that you can successfully extract info from them to answer questions correctly. Example from my life: Prose Fiction passages are the least straightforward to read for me, but I find the questions on these types of passages the easiest because there are fewer concrete things to ask about (especially when compared to Social Science or Natural Science passages). When I did a timed practice Reading ACT, I got 1 wrong on Social Science and 2 wrong on Natural Sciences passages; if I were taking the test for real, I would start my studying by first focusing on Natural Science passages and then Social Science passages. Step 4: To be absolutely certain, take multiple timed ACT practice tests Sometimes, even if you normally do well on a passage type, a particularly difficult passage can throw you and cause you to get more questions wrong than you normally would in that area. If you think that might have been the case on the timed ACT practice test you took, and you have the time, do not hesitate to take another timed practice test. The more accurate data you have, the better you can structure your studying. Step 5: Once you know which passages you struggle with questions on, focus your reading preparation on those passages. While there are some questions that tend to appear more on some passage types than others (more on this in upcoming articles), most of the different types of questions can and will be asked about each of the four passage types. By focusing on the particular passage type you have trouble with, you'll both increase your skill at extracting information from passages you find challenging as well as familiarizing yourself with the different ways the ACT will question you (a skill which then will carry across all passage types). The detective by paurian, used under CC BY 2.0. Be a detective and hunt down your weakest ACT Reading passage types. What Do I Do Next? Now that you know about the 4 types of passages, learn more about how to do well on ACT Reading. Want more in depth information aboutwhat's actually tested onACT Reading? We have the article for you. Find out the best way to approach ACT Reading passages with our complete guide. Having problems with finishing the ACT Reading in time? Read our article for tips on how to avoid this dreadful fate. Aiming for a top score? Read about how you can get a 36 on ACT Reading. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. 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Management must strive for efficiency & effectiveness throughout Essay - 2

Management must strive for efficiency & effectiveness throughout organisation. Discuss, relating to strategic and operational theories and concepts covered within the lecture notes of this course - Essay Example re the intrinsic management attributes that are linked with efficiency and effectiveness that is rampant in any organization in the time and age of today. The same are discussed in line with the strategic and operational theories and concepts that have been studied thus far. Strategic basis of the management regimes indicate that an organization is more than willing to think long term, and hence devise ways and means through which success would be envisioned for the sake of the business concern. The operational theories and concepts are also important to discern and later on comprehend because embody the basis of success for an organization in the long run. The manner in which the external environment plays a definitive role as well as the building up of the strategic. Similarly managing the marketing mix is pivotal towards resolving the management related problems on a proactive basis. The same is necessary because it helps solve quite a few issues which basically mar the basis of an organization in the long run (Sims 2002). Efficiency and effectiveness within an organization is achieved through hard work and consistency that is related with the different processes, activities and tasks. The strategy development process could either be an intended one within an organization or it could comprise of an emergent form. Both have challenges and implications which are related with the strategic drift, the learning organizational basis, the uncertain and complex conditions and the overall management of the strategy development processes. The strategic management is therefore a combination of the external environment and the strategic capability that holds the strategic choices like business level strategies, the corporate and international level strategies and the development directions and methodologies (Ruhli 1993). The external environment similarly is related with the building up of the strategic capabilities. This means that the internal level analysis holds

Economic Effects of Minimum Wage Fixation Essay

Economic Effects of Minimum Wage Fixation - Essay Example On the other hand, the efficiency wage model of labor observes that increasing the wages for the workers will motivate them to work even harder, while increasing their fear of losing their jobs which are well paying (Ehrenberg and Smith, 94). This boosts the morale of the workers and make them highly motivated while undertaking their duties, an aspect that increases their productivity, and by extension, the productivity of the firm and the whole industry. This way, more employment is created, since improved productivity comes with increased opportunities (Ehrenberg and Smith, 378). Thus, according to the efficiency wage model, fixing the minimum wage, to a level higher than the competitive wage level, will promote productivity and discourage labor turnover, thus increase employment. Therefore, assuming the employment will continue rising as it has happened since June 2009, the empirical researchers need to face the following issues, to distinguish the correlation between minimum wage and employment rates, from the causal effect of minimum wage on employment. First, the empirical researchers should understand the issue of market operations, whereby different types of markets will give different results, when it comes to the relationship between minimum wage and employment. For example, an open competitive market will give different results, compared to a monopsony market, when it comes to the correlation between minimum wage and employment (Ehrenberg and Smith, 112). Secondly, the researchers need to understand the nature of the movement of the wages and the maximum level attainable in minimum wage fixation, before the correlation between the minimum wage and the employment changes from...This essay critically review the impacts of the introduction of the theoretic concept of minimum wage fixation into the real economy. This concept has had double impacts on employment and the economy at large. While the main idea behind fixing minimum wage that workers should b e paid is to make the lives of the workers better, through affording them a substantial income, it may affect the same workers, especially those with low skills negatively According to the standard competitive model of labor, fixing a minimum wage has the impact of increasing unemployment, through he creation of involuntary unemployment, where individuals can continuously apply concerted efforts o seek for a job but find none The case is different according to the Monopsony model of labor, which holds that the fixation of minimum wages has the effect of increasing employment, most especially when the wage is being increased from levels lower than the competitive wage, to reach the competitive wage levels On the other hand, the efficiency wage model of labor observes that increasing the wages for the workers will motivate them to work even harder, while increasing their fear of losing their jobs which are well paying The minimum wage can only go high, up to the competitive wage level, after which it will start having negative impacts. An increase in wage level from levels lower than the competitive levels has the impact of boosting the morale of the workers and increasing their levels of motivation, thus increasing their productivity, and consequently that of the firms

Ecstasy Abuse Essay -- essays research papers

Article 1 C) Source of Article: Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Title of Article: Navy Medicine Steps Up to Help Prevent Ecstasy Abuse A)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Talks about how the military is not protected by ecstasy abuse. They may have a zero tolerance mentality about it but that still does not stop people from accessing it. The Navy found a medicine that makes hiding of having the trace of ecstasy on a person harder to hide. They found a better way to detect ecstasy with a certain drug exam that is ahead of technology. Instead if a normal test for amphetamines they found a new agent that can even trace the smallest amount of ecstasy on a person system. This medicine has been tested for the past two years and was tested again before they sent out the troops to go to Afghanistan. Ecstasy symptoms can be decreased facility to regulate sleep and emotions, as well as increase changes in hear attack, stroke and possibility of death. Hopefully this will shorten the amount of people using drugs like ecstasy in any military branch while on task. B)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The authors idea with writing this article is that ecstasy abuse will be eliminated from all military branches. This idea is backed up with what he said about the testing results, â€Å"Navy Medicine also tested the product at the Navy Drug Screening Lab in Jacksonville, Fla., before rolling it out to the troops†. This comment by the author can be interpreted as successful results. Another of the author’s ideas or comments is that he claims to say that ecstasy abuse is rising in all over the country, and that the military should get more involved to stop it. The military is improving ecstasy testing on humans. â€Å"Although the Navy maintains a zero-tolerance position on drug abuse†, this means they are doing their best to stop drug abuse, and they are improving testing methods. Article 2 C) Source of Article: Naval Media Center and Bureau of Naval Personnel Title of Article: From Ecstasy to Agony Author: Capt. John Jemionek and Jo1 Joseph Date: Unknown A)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  He gives some of the street names for ecstasy and he calls it the club drug mostly because it is used at raves and such parties. Also goes on to call it the â€Å"safe drug†. Then even more he gets an in depth look of how the drugs looks and that it comes in a capsule about the size of an aspirin in po... ...zing on increased demand for the drug in the United States. Authorities are especially concerned about the role of organized crime in Ecstasy trafficking. Russian mafias have recently forged relationships with European traffickers and begun to dominate the global Ecstasy trade. The profit potential of Ecstasy is huge for such traffickers. Ecstasy tablets can be bought in Amsterdam for as little as 50 cents to $2 each. B)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this article the writer talks about the urgency that our grate nation has over this simple deadly looking pill. He gives explicit detail in his believed and has insight information about the drug trafficking ways. By some sort f thought the writer believes that the drugs are sponsoring terrorism and that people in the Middle East and Russia use this money to buy weapons. He also talks about the Columbians trafficking ecstasy to the United States. Says that our nation is in great fear of this drug and what it can cause to our society. The writer believes that these drugs are going destroy America little by little by destroying the youth of America. Then with this they can invade the nation and destroy everything that we have built.

American Dream (Pointless)

â€Å"As time goes on we get closer to that American Dream of there being a pie cut up and shared. Usually greed and selfishness prevent that and there is always one bad apple in every barrel. † While Rick Danko’s quote about the American Dream does not quite relate to the essay at hand, you can’t obviate how right that is. So, yes, the American Dream. It’s become a widely accepted sociocultural, aesthetic, and philosophical set of fake ideals that makes America the proud of country of what the world is.It is a fine antonomasia (officially used nickname) for the metaethics America follows, a world of legend and where everyone else that is not an America is subhuman. Apple pie, rolling hills of green and yellow, baseball, cloudless and sunny skies, lawyer haters, coffee inhalers, pharmacies, drive-through banks, Diet Coke, hypocrites, rich folk who are still lawyers, Green Berets, and the world’s second highest incarceration rate. Now that – t hat’s a damn fine country. Okay, all jokes aside, The United States of America really is one of the best countries in the world, if not the.The rumors are true and having always been true, ever since its inception in 1776, on that faithful day. I’m sure that every American and his or her dog have heard about the so-called American Dream, an accepted nickname for the ‘Dream’ that all Americans follow, what immigrants want and expect when they set sail into our country, where age is just a number. The set of ethics we follow to become true and proud members of America, bout doing what you want to be successful in. It is about going for your dream(s) no matter what anyone says. It focuses a great deal on individuality and power that one could hold.It is about freedom to think, say, and do what one wants to do. †¦So why again are there so many unemployed? Okay, no, that’s certainly not the point of this essay. It’s to actually delve into whe ther modern day society actually follows these ideals or not. Do they? Most of the time. But not all, and certainly not where it entirely matters. There’s not an exceptional amount of Americans who actually follow both the stereotypical and factual American Dream, but there’s certainly not a low amount. A hundred years ago, you would be caught dead before breaking the rules or going outside what the Dream expected you to†¦ well, dream.So what’s changed? Lack of Desire to Work Let’s get this straight – greed is a thing. People keep posting about greed and money as if it is the most evil thing in the world, but Greed is good as it is evolution in a nutshell. A good amount of the American Dream’s ethics is that it encourages all people to work in a middle-class Capitalist society: where it is the exploitation of man by man and communism is the reverse. We only called it the American Dream because we are Americans, but the truth is every hu man being has dreams and goals; the dream in itself is extensive and infinite, just like your ideas.But certainly one of the main things the Dream pushes people to do is just this: to work. The American dream is something each generation should work harder to attain. So why is it that our society is going downhill? The answer is simple: nobody is trying to work hard anymore. You see your friends not caring and so you stop caring for fear of persecution, but if you stopped caring and your friends followed, it would be a chain reaction, would it not? US Unemployment Rate is at 7. 90%, compared to 7. 80% last month and 8. 90% last year. This is higher than the long term average of 5. 80%.It’s a very common topic in politics, as evidenced by the exciting-as-watching-dirt-talk debates of recent times, that there should be more jobs because it’s an endless competition. (We can stop blaming the Recession eventually) From a critical perspective, that makes a certain amount of sense. And yet, it’s a pointless topic to talk about, because even with more jobs, there will still be enough people that do not get by. Half the time it’s because of not having the funds or resources to actually obtain a job, and the other half because of a lack of desire to actually work towards living an ndependent, self-made life. It would appear to some that now the â€Å"American Dream† has become a rather materialistic one in which individuals seek to barely work, but possess many things. It’s difficult to accurately blame it on consumerism, and impossible to blame it on capitalism, largely because if you don’t want to work, that’s your problem. America is a country where you can support your loved ones actively and also your family or culture, even; but for the most part, you’re on your own in such a competitive world where people fight to obtain an actual career.From a brutally pragmatic perspective, that’s not the Ame rican Dream, but only in the brutally pragmatic sense. It’s a long way of basically saying the process of actually becoming a true American is†¦ well, it’s difficult. The American Dream is the hope that every one of us has the chance to be all we can be, and the way we can do that is, amongst other things, by working and earning money. But money does not make the world go ’round, even though it certainly saves your pale white ass in many occasions. To have all the necessities of life, including opportunity to have the fruits of your labor.If people work and do not get ahead, do not better themselves, what is the point? Keep trying. Respect your Fellow Americans I rather resent the opinion of those that the American Dream can be achieved from working harder, but I sure as hell won’t say they’re wrong unless we do it purely for the sake of friendly debate (well in a way, they’re not wrong). Seriously, it means being kind, decent, and resp ectful of others no matter what the cost. I’m not talking about being a doormat either. Its about supporting your neighbors and helping someone in need if you can.Helping someone can be as simple as having a two-minute conversation with a complete stranger and just asking them how they are today. This is only one of many ways to show you care about others. (i. e. don’t say something like ‘just because I’m moody doesn’t mean you’re irritating) Well, it seems that with the rise of conservative and democratic tension, not to mention American youth and bullying, this feels just a bit invalidated. I’m not saying this in a cynical sense by any means, but it’s become a common fact that everyone is divided in the way we think, and that’s what makes us unique.It’s a common human emotion that they want people to think like them; okay, that’s fine. But with the rise of the election coming up, I might as well point this out: there are some fucking arrogant and mean people out there. I’d like to think that, in the street sense, if you don’t have haters you aren’t doing anything right, but a little hate goes a long way. Have you seen the presidential ads, for example: it’s almost emotional sadism the way that some people will dig so deep just to score a few votes.It’s completely okay to have a different opinion and have opponents, but there comes a point where you don’t have to be a semi-Nationalist about it, especially when you won’t make any difference to America. (Unless, of course, you’re the President or a candidate, but be realistic they’re a few in millions) But the bigger issue at hand is not political or even religious (I really don’t want to touch down on that one), but the status quo about how American youth treats one another. Cyberbullying, actual bullying, teen suicide, antisocial behaviors (that’s more of a p sychological issue), it’s all very prominent and very anti-American dream.I can understand that it’s hormones and blah blah blah, but if you don’t learn anything from that behavior, then where do you go in life, then? I’m not perfect, nobody is perfect (therefore, nobodies are perfect), but do try to be decent to your fellow American. Perfection is just not humanly possible. Since we all have failings, we will undoubtedly do imperfect things. Freedom Okay, last, everyone wants to be free. Now, I’m not talking anarchic, though if you do feel like that, it’s alright as long as you don’t actually do it.No society can have one hundred percent of liberty, equality, fairness, happiness etc available to all its citizens at all time. But United States, thanks to our wise founding fathers comes pretty close to it. Now see, here’s the thing: there are a lot of people who still feel imprisoned due to the fact that it’s just ‘ pretty close’. Just because the American Dream doesn’t happen for everybody — or doesn’t happen the way someone wants it — doesn’t mean that it doesn’t exist. America is the land of opportunity, and offers freedom and chances to those who aren’t able to acquire it elsewhere.That was what the American Dream originally was and, if you think about it, it’s still true today. Final, Personal Notes So there’s my own analysis of the American Dream. Jesus christ on a pogo stick, that took a bit of a while. America is still an incredible place, and it always will be; no amount of unemployment, Capitalism, or the idea that every morning is the dawn of a new error will change this. If it ain’t broke, don’t break it. Simple as that. I don’t want this to become longer than I originally intended, and I’m not going to obviate how intensely boring this probably is, so I’ll end here with a few no tes.I worry education has become too expensive. No education, no job opportunities other than self employment, which is risky and tough. K-12 costs $150,000 per student. A four year degree is $160,000 for private school and $80,000 for public with half subsidized by taxpayers. A $300,000 education is too expensive. I’m also slightly worried about racism and sexism maybe running through, but the American people have improved on that since the time we had to flex and improvise in the 1900? s and what not. God, I wanted this to be a bit funnier, I’m just not witty enough. Maybe that wasn’t the point of the essay, whatever. Goodbye and goodnight.

Abortion is Murder Essay - 1045 Words

Abortion has been one of the most popular and argumentative topics that has still yet to be settled. Ultimately the question we can ask when trying to solve this issue is whether or not pregnant women should have the right to kill an unborn baby. Abortion is the ending of a pregnancy before birth takes place and is a moral wrong. Can we as a society call ourselves human if we allow the deaths of unborn babies to take place? Those who take the side of pro-choice or as also known as pro-abortion often use statements concerning life, humanity, human rights and freedom to support their claims. I believe abortion should be illegal because we as a society must protect the human lives that are in danger whether or not they are in their first†¦show more content†¦They continue by stating that abortion is simply a process that terminates pregnancy, not a life. This is an obvious misconception since the term embryo refers to humans at particular states of development. They are not blo bs in a state of development, but rather humans growing to be ready for life. This simple blob or embryo that people believe is okay to obliterate is actually already a complex form of a human. Even before the trimester stage the baby will have all its body parts needed for the rest of his or her life. Although countless scientific and medical textbooks agree that human life begins at conception, people are still doubtful whether or not our science is correct. But if we are truly uncertain when life starts, it still does not give us the right to destroy a possible life. Why must we doubt thousands of intelligent scientists who agree that life begins at conception because of religious beliefs? Can you truly say it is okay to kill a life because people’s religious beliefs? No matter how much better it sounds defining abortion as terminating pregnancy, in the end a heartbeat is stopped, and a life is not able to continue. Those who support abortion often overuse the claim that every individual has the right to choose and it is unfair to restrict a women’s choice on abortion. Although this claim at first thought may seem to be able to uphold the abuse of abortion, weShow MoreRelatedAbortion Is Murder1062 Words   |  4 Pages ABORTION IS MURDER â€Å"There are nearly 1.2 million abortions performed in the United States each year† (Operation Rescue, 2014). That was 1.2 million innocent lives that were ended before they even had a chance to begin. Abortion has been legal for decades now, and it is time to put a stop to all the murdering of unborn children. This senseless killing of an unborn child needs to be recognized for what it truly is, and that is legalized murder. Abortions should be made illegal in the United StatesRead MoreAbortion: Is It Murder?1524 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion is an extremely controversial issue and one that many people can have very strong feelings for on both sides of the debate. Those who support abortion rights argue that it is a woman’s choice what to do with her body. Although, the unborn baby inside a woman is still a person living, and terminating that pregnancy is the same thing as murder. No one should have the choice to commit murder. Abortion is honestly wrong because t he laws prohibiting abortion help to keep people from playing GodRead MoreIs Abortion A Murder?3072 Words   |  13 Pages Abortion is Murder Numerous times throughout the past, a woman has wept herself to sleep or woke up in the middle of the night with horrible panic attacks that she cannot seem to overcome. She lives with such guilt and wonders what life would be like today if only she had made a different choice. Life is full of choices, and unfortunately people sometimes make choices that will haunt them for the rest of their lives. The saddest part is that many times we allow other people to influence the choicesRead More Abortion is Not Murder Essay1202 Words   |  5 PagesAbortion is Not Murder Is abortion murder?   Murder is defined as illegal killing with malice aforethought. Abortion fails this definition for two reasons. First, abortion is not illegal, and second, there is no evidence to suggest that expecting mothers feel malice towards their own flesh and blood. Not all killing is murder, of course. Murder is actually a small subset of all killing, which includes accidental homicide, killing in self-defense, suicide, euthanasia, etc. When pro-lifeRead MoreAbortion is a Murder Essay721 Words   |  3 Pageson-going subject that has been greatly debated in our society is abortion. Many people argue that because the baby in the mother’s womb is not alive, aborting him or her is not considered a murder. However, others say that as the baby’s heart and brain are the first things to develop, the baby is technically alive and killing it would be a murder. As soon as the baby has a heartbeat, it has life. Abortion has many characteristics of a murder, including the killing of one human being by another, it’s unethicalRead MoreAbortion Is Murder Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pages The topic of abortion is an extremely controversial issue in todays society, there are many separate views on the morality of it . Abortion is defined as the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy (â€Å"Abortion†). In other words, it is the murder of an unborn child. Throughout the past there has been several court cases related to abortion, in attempt to resolve the debate. For example, Roe v. Wade declared that unborn children are neither ‘persons’ nor are they entitledRead MoreAbortion: Murder or Necessity766 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion: Murder or Necessity Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo before it is viable. An abortion can occur spontaneously, in which case it is usually called a miscarriage, or it can be purposely induced. Abortion, when induced in accordance with the local law, is among the safest procedures in medicine. However, unsafe abortions (those performed by persons without proper training or outside of a medical environment)Read MoreAbortion Is Not The Murder Of An Infant1507 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent perspective on abortion. The first written works of Christianity states â€Å"You shall not kill the embryo by abortion and shall not cause the newborn to perish.† In the early Christianity, abortion was prohibited. The early church leader who had agreed on abortion stated: â€Å"that if an abortion was performed to hide the consequences of fornication and adultery, then it was a sin that required penance.† This lit the sp arks between Christians on whether abortion was considered a murder or not. â€Å"St.AugustineRead MoreShould Abortion Be Murder?868 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is Murder Have you ever lost a loved one or someone that meant a lot to you? If so, how did that make you feel? I’m sure you felt heartbroken or lost and you didn’t know what you were going to do. Imagine how you would feel if you were trying to bring a loved one into this world but you couldn’t. It wasn’t because you didn’t want to, it’s was because you were physically not able to. There are many women who want to have kids and make their family grow but because of their health issues theyRead MoreAbortion Is An Act Of Murder? Essay1271 Words   |  6 Pagesmother’s womb when the mothers decide to have an abortion. There is much controversy regarding abortion as a whole. Abortion is a procedure that terminates any pregnancy (Dictionary.com). When discussing abortion, some would say the beginning of life started once an infant took his or her first breath during delivery and others would say life began the second they were formed in its motherà ¢â‚¬â„¢s womb. Based on either viewpoint, is abortion considered an act of murder? A pro-abortionist considers life to begin